Here are some examples of how costs might differ if you refinanced your home mortgage loan.

Case 1: California

600,000 home, purchased in 2004, with a 450,000 mortgage at 5.625
Currently paying: $2,590.45/month.
Principal: $599.34
Interest: $1,991.11
Current Loan Balance: $424,171.84

What’s left: 424,000 plus 383,000 in interest over 26 years.

If you Refinance for 30 years at 5.30, here’s what you would face:
Monthly Payment: $2,354.49
Monthly Principal: $481.82
Monthly Interest: $1,872.67
What’s left: 424,000 plus 424,000 in interest over 30 years.

You get to drop your monthly payments, but because the loan is stretching out over an extra four years, you end up paying an extra 41000 in interest over the life of the loan. Plus you have any additional closing costs and refinancing costs to put the new loan in place.

If you instead continued to make your payments at 2590 per month, at the new interest rates, you would pay of the loan in 292 months, about 24 years and spend a total of 424000 plus 331,000 in interest. a net savings of over 50,000 from the original loan and almost 100000 over the new loan.

Here’s a page with some mortgage calculators from Homecomings.Com. As part of GMAC they just got bailed out and have plenty of money to spend.

If you find yourself five years into a thirty year mortgage and lenders start dangling lower interest rates, is it worth it to bite? Well it depends on your circumstance, but sometimes it isn’t. Many mortgages are front loaded on interest payment. It is only when you are five or six years into the loan that you start to see significant principal paydown. It is often possible to put yourself in a worse position to swap to a nominally lower interest loan if you are going to face higher fees and costs up front and put yourself back into a position of paying mostly interest in the first few years of the new note.

Here’s a timely article from the New York Times on the subject:

Because the typical mortgage only lasts for about five or six years before the homeowner sells the home or refinances the loan, lenders collect much of the mortgage interest during those years. Once a loan gets beyond five or six years old, homeowners can start seeing the overall debt drop at a faster pace.

So if a homeowner has reached that point, does it make sense to start a new 30-year loan, and face another five years where you’ll make heavier interest payments? The answer, as is so often the case with financial decisions, depends on individual circumstances. If retirement or tuition payment plans involve the liquidation of a home, it may make sense not to take out a new loan.

But in other cases, the monthly savings from a cheaper mortgage could be critical — “especially in this economy,” said Richard E. Austin, a financial adviser with Lincoln Financial Advisors.

Mr. Austin, who is based in Rye Brook, N.Y., noted that someone who five years ago borrowed $220,000 on a 30-year, fixed-rate mortgage at 5.5 percent would have reduced the loan principal to only $203,500, despite having made nearly $75,000 in payments during that time. From this point forward, the principal would shrink more quickly, but if the borrower could reduce the interest rate to, say, 5 percent, the monthly mortgage payment would drop by $157, to $1,092. Assuming it costs $3,000 to close that new loan, it would take just 27 months to recoup the costs if the borrower is in the 28 percent tax bracket.

If a homeowner planned on keeping the new loan for 27 months or longer, a refinance could well make sense, Mr. Austin and other mortgage advisers said. The federal government has floated the idea of engineering a 4.5 percent mortgage rate, by promising to buy mortgages at those rates, but that proposal was only targeted at loans made for a home purchase, not a refinance. Mortgage rates in late December were at their lowest level since at least 1971, when Freddie Mac began tracking these loans.

Closing costs vary widely in the New York area. Borrowers in Manhattan, for instance, face much higher mortgage taxes than those in the suburbs, so the financial calculus of a refinance decision shifts accordingly.

Mr. Austin, who is also a tax lawyer, said another frequently overlooked factor could help reduce the cost of a refinancing. If the new bank agreed to essentially absorb the old loan — albeit with new terms — the homeowner might not face a mortgage origination tax on the new loan. So when shopping for the new loan, he said, borrowers should ask if the lender will perform a “consolidation and assignment” with the old loan. Be sure to ask, or the lender may not offer it.

For those averse to the idea of starting the 30-year clock anew, Mr. Austin suggests splitting the monthly payment — making half at the middle of the month and saving the other half for the actual due date. That strategy, he said, can take years off the new loan’s payoff term.

Another cost savings strategy is to negotiate a new lower mortgage, but continue to pay the old rate. If you have 2500 monthly payment with 300 dollars going to principal, and reduce your required payment to 2200 but continued to pay 2500 you would in effect double the amount of principal you are repaying and could take many years off of the length of the mortgage.

Should you be doing the same?

Advice about the loan modification process to help avoid foreclosure on your home.

The depends mainly on what rate you have now and whether you’re planning to move anytime soon. Experts advise taking a careful look at your options before you jump in.

Mortgage brokers were quoting rates as low as 4.5 percent to 4.6 percent this week, a day after the Federal Reserve took extraordinary steps to boost the troubled U.S. housing market and slumping economy. The national average on 30-year fixed mortgages stood at 5.18 percent on Thursday, just over Wednesday’s average of 5.06 percent, which was the lowest number since the early 1960s, according to financial publisher HSH Associates.

Here are some answers to common questions about refinancing mortgages.

Q: How much does refinancing cost?

A: It can cost several thousand dollars, but there are ways to make upfront charges invisible to the borrower.

Typically there is a fee that goes to the mortgage broker or lender, plus fees for title insurance, a new appraisal, document processing and other charges. Often, mortgage brokers or lenders can create the appearance of a “no fee” mortgage by adding the costs to a total loan amount or charging a higher interest rate.

Q: So will refinancing my home save me money?

A: That depends on how soon you want to sell.

Let’s say you have a $200,000 loan. If you’re able to cut your rate from 6 percent to 5 percent, your monthly payment will drop from about $1,200 to about $1,075, so you’ll be saving $125 a month. If you have refinancing fees of $3,000, it would take two years to break even — so the refinancing deal is worth it only if you plan to stay in your place longer than that.

“Don’t get stars in your eyes based strictly on the interest rate or based on how much money you think you’re going to be saving every month,” said Kevin Iverson, owner of Reed Mortgage in Denver. If it doesn’t make economic sense, he says, “don’t do it.”

Q: What kinds of loans are out there these days?

A: Your options are far more limited than just a few years ago. The most attractive rates are on the most traditional loans: 15-year and 30-year fixed rate mortgages, and loans for borrowers who have at least 20 percent in a down payment or existing home equity.

Q: What are some common pitfalls?

A: Mortgage brokers are paid by lenders and therefore have the incentive to complete a deal. Not all brokers are dishonest, but unscrupulous ones may try to steer you into a loan that doesn’t actually improve your financial situation.

“There needs to be benefit in doing the transaction,” said Scott Gormley, owner of Oak Valley Mortgage in Chico, Calif. “It can’t be where the broker is just going to make a buck.”

Q: What’s the difference between a loan modification and a refinanced loan?

A: Loan modifications are for borrowers who are behind on their mortgage. They involve a reduction in the interest rate or a temporary break on payments. By contrast, a refinanced loan is an entirely new mortgage, often made with a different lender, with a new loan that will last either 15 or 30 years.

Q: My existing loan has a prepayment penalty that could cost me thousands of dollars. Should I still refinance?

A: Many of the riskier loans that were made during the housing boom carry prepayment penalties. However, many lenders are willing to waive those penalties and allow borrowers to refinance with another lender if doing so prevents foreclosure, said Scott Stern, chief executive of Lenders One Mortgage Cooperative, a national alliance of 140 mortgage bankers.

“If they let you refinance, they’ll lose the loan, but they won’t lose any money,” he said.

Q: If everybody wants to refinance at once, can the lending industry handle the rush?

A: There could be a backlog as applications surge, especially because thousands of workers have been laid off across the mortgage industry over the past 18 months.

While a refinancing boom is great news for the beleaguered mortgage business, “the industry as a whole is not quite prepared,” said Keith Gumbinger, a senior vice president with HSH Associates.

U.S. 30-year mortgage rates dropped to an average of 6.20 percent from 6.46 percent last week. U.S. 15-year mortgage rates also dipped to an average of 5.88 percent from 6.19 percent last week.

One-year adjustable rate mortgages, or ARMs, fell in the week to an average of 5.25 percent from 5.38 percent last week.

Freddie Mac said the “5/1″ ARM, set at a fixed rate for five years and adjustable each following year, fell to an average of 6.19 percent from 6.36 percent a week earlier.

A year ago, 30-year mortgage rates averaged 6.24 percent, 15-year mortgages 5.90 percent and the one-year ARM 5.50 percent. The 5/1 ARM averaged 5.89 percent.

“Mortgage rates fell this week amid new indications of a pullback in consumer spending and a weaker jobs market,” said Frank Nothaft, Freddie Mac vice president and chief economist, in a statement.

The Commerce Department reported last week that the economy shrank at a 0.3 percent annual rate in the third quarter, the sharpest contraction in seven years. As fears of a recession grew, consumers cut back on spending, creating the first decline in quarterly spending since the fourth quarter of 1991.

“With the economy contracting and experiencing record home foreclosures, lenders tightened their credit standards further, according to the October Federal Reserve Senior Loan Officer survey,” Nothaft said. “Approximately 70 percent of banks raised their lending standards for prime mortgages and about 90 percent of banks that offer nontraditional mortgages did so as well.”

Lenders charged an average of 0.7 percent in fees and points on 30- and 15-year mortgages, unchanged from last week.

Fees and points averaged 0.4 percent on the one-year ARM, down from 0.6 percent a week ago. The 5/1 ARM had an average of 0.6 percent in fees amd points, down from 0.7 percent last week.

The term “points” is used to describe certain charges paid to obtain a home mortgage.

Here are some things to remember when deducting points: Straight from the IRS:

Taxpayers who itemize deductions generally may be able to deduct the points paid to obtain a home mortgage as mortgage interest

Points paid solely to refinance a home mortgage usually must be deducted over the life of the loan

Points can be fully deducted in the year paid if certain tests are met

For a refinanced mortgage, the interest deduction for points is determined by dividing the points paid by the number of payments to be made over the life of the loan. This information is usually available from lenders.

Taxpayers may deduct points only for those payments made in the tax year.

However, if part of the refinanced mortgage money was used to finance improvements to the home and if the taxpayer meets certain other requirements, the points associated with the home improvements may be fully deductible in the year the points were paid. Also, if a homeowner is refinancing a mortgage for a second time, the balance of points paid for the first refinanced mortgage may be fully deductible in the year it is paid off.

Unfortunately, not all of the costs of your refinance are deductible.

Other closing costs – such as appraisal fees and other non-interest fees – generally are not deductible. Additionally, the amount of your Adjusted Gross Income can affect the amount of deductions that can be taken.

For more information on deductions related to refinancing, visit IRS.gov for Tax Topics 504, Home Mortgage Points, and 505, Interest Expenses. You may also review IRS Publication 936, Home Mortgage Interest Deduction, available at IRS.gov or by calling 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676).

Source:
IRS Tax Tip 2008-55